Case Study of Dabur India Limited Marketing Essay

Case Study of Dabur India Limited Marketing Essay Introduction: Dabur India Limited is a leading Indian consumer goods company with interests in Hair Care, Oral Care, Health Care, Skin Care, Home Care and Foods. From its humble beginnings in the by lanes of Calcutta way back in 1884 as an Ayurvedic medicines company, Dabur India Ltd has come a long way today to become a leading consumer products manufacturer in India. The founder, Dr.S.K.Burman, was a practicing allopathic doctor. At that time Malaria, Cholera and Plague were the common diseases. He was a physician who brought Ayurvedic medicines to the masses of Bengal. Initially established as a proprietary firm for the manufacture of chemicals and ayurvedic drugs it was later on 19th November 1930 incorporated as private limited company. Late Shri C.L.Burman, son of late Dr S.K. Burman and his son late Shri P.C.Burman in the name of Dr S.K.Burman Pvt.Ltd. to expand the operations by setting up production facilities at Garia and Narendrapur, West Bengal and Daburgram, Bihar. Dabur (Dr.S.K.Burman) Pvt. Ltd. was merged with Vidogum and Chemicals Ltd. w.e.f. 1st July1985 and the amalgamated company was renamed DABUR INDIA LIMITED. For the past 125 years, they have been dedicated to providing nature-based solutions for a healthy and holistic lifestyle. Through their comprehensive range of products, they cater to all consumers, in all age groups, across all social boundaries. And this legacy has helped them develop a bond of trust with the customers. VISION Dedicated to the health and well being of every house hold. Dabur is a company with a set of established business values, which direct its functioning as well as all its operations. The guiding forces for Dabur are the words of its founder, Dr.S. K. Burman, what is that life worth that cannot give comfort to others. The Company offers its customers, the products to suit their needs and give them good values for money. The company is committed to follow the ethical practices in doing business. At Dabur, nature acts as not only the source of raw materials but also an inspiration and the company is committed to product the ecological balance. Journey so farhttp://www.dabur.com/pages/by4hm8ur/116/dabur_build.jpg 1884 The Birth of Dabur 1972 The company shifts base to Delhi from Kolkata 1986 Registered as Public Limited Company 1994 Listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange 1998 Professional team inducted to run the company 2000 Crosses Rs. 1000 Crore Turnover 2003 Pharmaceutical Business de-merged to focus on core FMCG 2004 Profit exceeds Rs. 100 Crore 2005 Acquire Balsara strengthening Oral care provided entry into Homecare segment 2006 Dabur figures in Top 10 Great Places to Work 2007 Dabur ranked among Asias best under a Billion enterprises by Forbes 2008 Acquired Fem Care Pharma entering the mainstream Skin care segment 2009 Strong growth momentum continued in spite of general economic downturn. Also Dabur Red Toothpaste becomes Daburs 9th Billion Rupee brand. 2010 Touched US$4 billion market cap. Overseas acquisition, Hobi Group, Turkey to strengthen presence in MENA and adjacent regions. Dabur At-a-Glance: Dabur India Limited has marked its presence with significant achievements and today commands a market leadership status. Their story of success is based on dedication to nature, corporate and process hygiene, dynamic leadership and commitment to their partners and stakeholders. Leading consumer goods company in India with a turnover of Rs. 3417 Crore (FY10) 3  major strategic business units (SBU) Consumer Care Division (CCD), Consumer Health Division (CHD) and International Business Division (IBD) 3  Subsidiary Group companies Dabur International,  Fem Care Pharma and newu  and  8 step down subsidiaries: Dabur Nepal Pvt Ltd (Nepal), Dabur Egypt Ltd (Egypt), Asian Consumer Care (Bangladesh), Asian Consumer Care (Pakistan), African Consumer Care (Nigeria), Naturelle LLC (Ras Al Khaimah-UAE), Weikfield International (UAE) and Jaquline Inc. (USA). 17 ultra-modern manufacturing units spread around the globe Products marketed in over 60 countries Wide and deep market penetration with  50 CF agents, more than 5000 distributors and over 2.8 million retail outlets all over India Dabur India Ltds manufacturing activities spanning various consumer products categories are carried out in 17 factories spread across India and abroad. Dabur has 11 manufacturing facilities in India, out of which two main units are at Baddi (Himachal Pradesh) and Pantnagar (Uttaranchal). http://www.dabur.com/images/india-map.jpg Daburs Business Structure: Note: Percentage share in revenue based on FY10 Financials ; Femcare included in Consumer Care Division Consumer Care Division (CCD): Consumer Care Division (CCD) adresses consumer needs across the entire FMCG spectrum through four distinct business portfolios of Personal Care, Health Care, Home Care  Ã‚  Foods. Master brands: Dabur Ayurvedic healthcare products Vatika Premium hair care Hajmola   Tasty digestives Rà ©al Fruit juices beverages Fem Fairness bleaches skin care products 9 Billion-Rupee brands: Dabur Amla, Dabur Chyawanprash, Vatika, Rà ©al, Dabur Red Toothpaste, Dabur Lal Dant Manjan, Babool, Hajmola and Dabur Honey Strategic positioning of Honey as food product, leading to market leadership (over 75%) in branded honey market   Dabur Chyawanprash the largest selling Ayurvedic medicine with over 65% market share. Vatika  Shampoo has been the fastest selling shampoo brand in India for three years in a row Hajmola tablets in command with 60% market share of digestive tablets category. About 2.5 crore Hajmola tablets are consumed in India every day Leader in herbal digestives with 90% market share Category-wise Share of CCD : http://www.dabur.com/pages/by4hm8ur/115/GlanceImg1.jpg Brand Overview: Consumer Care Categories: Hair Care: Hair Oil Shampoo Source: Value share-ACN June, 09 Value Share-ACN Mar, 10 Oral Care: Value Share-ACN March, 2010 Health Supplements: Value Share-ACN March, 2010 Foods: Company Est. Mar, 2010 for Fruit Juice categoryC:UsersUser 11Desktopuntitled2.bmpC:UsersUser 11DesktopimagesCAXZ8F24.jpgC:UsersUser 11Desktopimages.jpgC:UsersUser 11DesktopPG-IIIRKSDabur Real- Mrktg Planburrst.jpgC:UsersUser 11Desktopuntitled6.bmp Skin Care: *Company estimates; Includes Fem skin care portfolioC:UsersUser 11AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsTemporary Internet FilesContent.Worddabur-health_06.jpg Digestives: Value Share-ACN March, 2010C:UsersUser 11DesktopimagesCALG7F5C.jpgC:UsersUser 11AppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsTemporary Internet FilesContent.Worddabur-personal_08.gifC:UsersUser 11Desktopdabur-digestive_09.gif Home Care: Value Share-ACN Mar,2010 for Aerosols category OdonilOdomosOdopicSani Fresh Consumer Health Division (CHD) Consumer Health Division (CHD) offers a range of  classical Ayurvedic medicines  and Ayurvedic OTC products that deliver the age-old benefits of Ayurveda in modern ready-to-use formats. Daburs Consumer Healthcare business is the Companys oldest business, and today has a growing portfolio of OTC products to address a variety of problems ranging from Womens Health to Baby Care and  Cough Cold to Rejuvenation. Has more than 300 products sold through prescriptions as well as over the counter Major categories in traditional formulations include: Asav Arishtas Ras Rasayanas Churnas Medicated Oils Proprietary Ayurvedic medicines developed by Dabur include: Nature Care Isabgol Madhuvaani Trifgol Division also works for promotion of Ayurveda through organised community of traditional practitioners and developing fresh batches of students   C:UsersUser 11Desktopuntitled.bmphttp://www.dabur.com/pages/by4hm8ur/115/GlanceImg2.jpg The Consumer Health Division, CHD witnessed a growth of 10.2% during the quarter led by ethical portfolio which grew by 14.5%. In OTC, Pudin Hara grew by 12.8%. The Pudin Hara portfolio has been extended by launching Pudin Hara Lemon Fizz in the acidity segment. International Business Division (IBD) International Business Division (IBD) caters to the health and personal care needs of customers across different international markets, spanning the Middle East, North West Africa, European Union and the US  with its brands Dabur Vatika   Growing at a CAGR of 33% in the last 6 years and contributes to about 20% of total sales Leveraging the Natural preference among local consumers to increase share in perosnal care categories Focus markets: GCC Egypt Nigeria Bangladesh Nepal US High level of localization of manufacturing and sales marketing worldmap Daburs International business: The Companys key markets for international business are the Middle East, Africa, UK and South Asian geographies, with manufacturing plants located across regions. The Company also has a private label business in USA and UK, along with Guar gum exports, which takes place from its Indian plants. The Companys International Business Division recorded an impressive sales growth of 26.3% from Rs.477.0 crore in 2008-09 to Rs.602.5 crore in 2009-10, contributing to 18% of overall consolidated sales. The operating margins of the business improved significantly during the year reflecting the strength of the brands even though the external conditions were tough and the environment was plagued by recessionary trends, currency depreciations and demand contraction. Robust sales growth in international markets was possible due to: Strong Brand portfolio positioned on herbal and natural platform Aggressive new product launches and brand extensions Geographical expansion into new markets Strong Sales and Distribution network Strong manufacturing backbone and expansion of own manufacturing in key geographies Localised and efficient supply chain. Product Portfolio: The company has built strong and robust brand architecture with two mega brands for international business across all geographies Dabur and Vatika and most of its offerings are under either of these two brands. Dabur Amla: Dabur Amla franchise achieved a growth of 38% along with all the extensions. Basis Nielsen Retail Audit in KSA, Dabur Amla Hair Oil with a market share of 34.2% is the biggest brand in the hair oil segment. Dabur Amla Gold has market share of 6.8% while Dabur Amla Jasmine is at 5.1%. The Amla franchise has now been extended to the Hair Cream Category with the launch of Dabur Amla Hair Cream. It has become the fastest growing brand in the Hair Cream segment notching up sales of more than INR 13 Crore in first year of launch. Vatika: There has been a robust growth of 36% in the Vatika franchise which includes Vatika Enriched Hair Oil, Coconut Hair Oil, Hair Creams and Hamam Zaith. Vatika brand is now worth Rs.185 Cr built from a negligible base over the last four years in the Arab belt. There was a successful re- launch of Shampoos and Conditioners, launch of one more variant in Hamam Zaith and re-launch of Vatika Coconut Hair Oil. Light hair oil range of Vatika Hair oils registered 51% growth in MENA. Vatika Hair Cream is now an INR 64 Cr brand in MENA. Vatika Hair Cream gained 370 bps in market share and becoming 12.7% of the market in volume terms. It grew by 44% in volume terms over LY in a category that has remained flat. Vatika Hair Cream is now the no. 2 player in Modern Trade with a 15.6% volume mkt share despite aggressive competition from established brands. Vatika DermoViva a new sub- brand launched for the Personal Wash and Skin Care segment had its first launch in the Bar Soap category and has managed to create consumer equity in a category dominated by strong MNC players. FEM: The FEM brand was strengthened in the overseas markets through ATL and BTL inputs which saw the brand grow by 100% in just nine months of operation since the takeover. Daburs International Market: The key contributing markets/ regions to the International Business growth have been GCC, Egypt, Nigeria, Algeria, Morocco, Libya, Yemen, Syria and South Africa. GCC, the largest market in the International Business Division and despite being a mature market, has registered a strong growth of 42% over last year fuelled by innovations and new product launches in the Hair Care, Personal Wash and Oral Care segments. Dabur Egypt Limited has witnessed another spectacular performance with 30% growth in sales. African Consumer Care, Nigeria has grown by 17% over last year in local currency terms, aided by strong growth of Dabur Herbal Toothpaste and Dabur Herbal Gel in the Oral Care category. Asian Consumer Care, Pakistan has grown by 26% in revenue with Hajmola and Dabur Amla emerging as the two strong brands for the region. Dabur International`s UK Branch has seen a 23% growth over previous year which has been the highest growth rate for this region in the last 8 years. Markets of North Africa, Levant and Yemen have seen an impressive performance with 49% growth over previous year. Asian Consumer Care, Bangladesh, has performed well with a growth of 47% during the fiscal 2009-10. The growth has been led by increased distribution penetration and focussed brand approach. Dabur Nepal Pvt Limited which manufactures fruit juices and also caters to local consumer market in Nepal recorded impressive growth of 26% in its sales to the domestic market of Nepal. Dabur recently has acquired Turkey-based personal care company Hobi Kozmetik Group in a deal at Rs. $ 69 million. The company, in a move to expand its presence across Middle East and North African region, has made the acquisition. Hobi Kozmetik is a market leader in the hair gel category with 35% market share. Companys products sold under Hobby and New Era brands across 35 countries. The transaction is expected to be completed by Q3 of FY11. Dabur, which is the largest FMCG in India with large market capitalization, has huge investment and expansion plans as the company aims to expand its foreign sales. Exports from India: The company also exports guargum and private label oral care products from India. During 2009-10 the company recorded Guargum exports to the tune of Rs.43.3 crore as compared to Rs.48.3 crore in the previous year. The sales were lower due to weak global demand and recessionary environment. Exports to USA recorded impressive growth with sales increasing to Rs.38.4 Cr in 2009- 10 versus Rs.27.6 in 2008-09 reflecting a growth of 39% despite the recessionary environment in developed markets. The US sales comprise Private Label and Ethnic business. Key markets in USA and Europe contributed to the growth. Innovative product developments in Oral care private label- such as Pro-age, Sensitive and Herbal toothpastes were launched. Ethnic Sales in USA and Canada also performed well recording 80% growth albeit on a low base. Various new products were successfully launched in the market and penetration of mainstay Dabur products like Hair Oils and Chyawanprash into Canadian mainstream retail chains such as Walmart was achieved. Competitor Analysis: Category Daburs Share Main Competitors Fruit Juice 58% Real and Active Tropicanna Fruit Drinks (coolers) 1% Coolers Frooti And Maaza Hair oil Coconut base 6.4% Vatika HLL Shampoo Vatika 7.1% HLL and PG Hair care (overall) 27% HLL, PG and Himalaya Chyawanprash 64% Himani, Zhandu and Himalaya Honey 40% Himani, Hamdard and local Players Digestives 37% Paras and local players Competition: Market Cap. (Rs. cr.) Sales Turnover Net Profit Total Assets HUL 60,897.63 17,725.33 2,202.03 2,583.52 Dabur India 18,851.77 2,874.60 433.15 859.35 Godrej Consumer 12,917.72 1,267.88 248.12 839.87 Colgate 11,244.57 1,770.82 290.22 330.70 Godrej Ind 7,770.69 880.97 19.33 1,570.31 Marico 7,641.54 2,030.85 235.02 948.58 PG 7,169.93 904.46 179.76 440.02 Emami 6,891.49 1,006.86 165.40 878.42 Gillette India 5,953.64 852.48 137.10 490.89 Jyothy Labs 2,440.33 579.87 80.05 399.10 Source: moneycontrol.com Recommendations: Entering rural market: Dabur should target more towards the rural market and tier 2 and tier 3 cities. These markets have traditionally been loyalists to Daburs ayurvedic range of personal products. Tapping rising global demand of herbal and Ayurvedic products: There is a new trend in the global market that has increased the demand of herbal/ ayurvedic products. This is the time when Dabur should relaunch itself as a key international player in the global arena. Also in the domestic market, there is a huge scope for Dabur to launch niche/luxury segment products catering to specific target groups. i) Development of new markets for Products Services: New avenues for growth were opened up with expansion into the new markets of Cambodia, Philippines, Belarus, Gambia and Bolivia. The Sales Distribution infrastructure has been augmented by appointing new distributors in CIS, Mozambique, Guinea and Rwanda. Local resources have been deployed in key markets of Yemen, Syria, Kuwait, Malaysia and Tanzania to strengthen the SD structure. ii) Entering US Market: The Company is also trying to break into the US Market where it is attempting to build a full fledged distribution channel. It is also worthwhile to mention that some of its products like Chyawanprash are selling in the US via Indirect channels. But this task is going to be a difficult one since US laws are tough and the preferences of consumers also vary greatly than that of markets which are usually catered to by Dabur. iii) Target- South Africa: In Africa the company is looking at markets like South Africa where it currently is not present. It already has a personal care unit in Egypt and a toothpaste unit in Nigeria. Dabur can do well in these markets since the profile and preferences of these consumers are very much like India. iv) Export Plans: The focus, going forward, is to continue expanding the Companys presence across geographies and to exploit the opportunities that exist in existing and potential segments. The Company will continue to invest in brand building, manufacturing and human capital in order to maintain and improve the existing robust growth path. Vision 2010 After the successful implementation of the 4-year business plan from 2002 to 2006, Dabur has launched another plan for 2010. The main objectives are: Doubling of the sales figure from 2006 The new plan will focus on expansion, acquisition and innovation. Although Daburs international business has done well growing by almost 29 per cent to Rs.292 crore in 2006-07, plans are to increase it by leaps and bounds. Growth will be achieved through international business, homecare, healthcare and foods. Southern markets will remain as a focus area to increase its revenue share to 15 per cent. With smoothly sailing through its previous plans, this vision seems possible. Time and again, Dabur has made decisions that have led to its present position. However, if Dabur could be more aggressive in its approach, it can rise to unprecedented levels. To conclude, this is a 10 year performance table from Daburs website.

Reflective paper on event management Essay

As per the course requirement, we have undergone the process of planning an international music event. While the whole process was a simulation, we could still realize the challenges and excitements that an event manager faces in his/her career. At the first phase of the project, groups were formed following Belbin’s Theory (West, 2004). Belbin proposed a model that specifies the aspects of an individual’s personality, i.e. strength and weakness that he/she shows in workplace. According to the model, there are nine roles an individual can play within a group. These roles are: Plant, Resource investigator, Coordinator, Shaper, Monitor evaluator, Team worker, Implementer, Completer finisher, and Specialist. I was chosen to play the role of Team worker within my group. My core responsibilities were to carry out the instructions given by the team leader and cooperate with others on every stage of the event simulation planning. As we have experienced, the planning of an event, especially an international music gig is a complex process. There are a number of factors that need to be considered along the way and the event itself has multifaceted impact on the society, environment, and culture. However, this experience was immensely valuable considering my event management as my future career choice as it has given me a better understanding about the procedure and the real life drill of an event really helped me to realize how to work in a team and synergize all the tasks with others that are needed to execute a musical event successfully. However, as the course instructor promised us at the beginning of the course, I also came to realize that event management is pure fun. Planning an international musical event involves different aspects of the even including the financial planning, rules and regulations, possible impact on the local community, staff management, branding of the performers, sponsorship and so on. Different scholars attempted to define Event in different ways. Getz (1993) gave the minimalist definition of ‘themed public celebration’, which was  further elaborated by Douglas et al. (2001) as events are ‘for people to come together to celebrate, to demonstrate, to worship, to honour, to remember, to socialise’. From this list of public purposes, events look like modern day rituals which were reflected by the definition given by McDonnell et al. (1999) where they argued that events are specific rituals or celebrations that are planned and created to mark any special occasion. Goldblatt (1997) gave a much simpler definition as he said that an event is a ‘unique moment in time celebrated with ceremony and ritual to satisfy specific needs’. In my experience of working with this group, the first thing I realized about what an ‘event’ is that an event is not just an occasion where people come together, get entertained and go back to home. An event is much more than that. An international music festival has the power to change a small, relatively unknown town in the corner of the country into one of the most celebrated destination. If planned and executed properly, a big event has the capabilities to transform a place and the lives of the people in the community. It is, unfortunately, equally true that same applies on the negative side if an event is poorly managed and executed. The planning and organization of an event requires the formation of a working team, as we were formed into teams. This team acted as a temporary organization where the role and responsibilities of each member were specified. According to Slack and Parent (2006), organizational framework or structure may have three dimensions: _Formalisation:_ refers to the degree to which the rules and regulations, strategies, and individual and team roles guide the activities of the team. _Complexity:_ the inner structure of the event management team with the hierarchy and authoritative system. _Centralisation:_ the degree to which an individual exercises his/her role as the decision maker of the even management team. Since our project was a drill, while the two aspects of an event management organization were noticeable (Formalisation and Centralisation), the third element, Complexity was not strongly present since the team was not very hierarchical. However, we followed the formal procedure and showed respect to the laws and regulations while we planned the event. In addition to that, we followed the policies mentioned during the course lectures to determine different aspects of the event such as financial planning, impact management, staff and volunteer management, environmental and political effect and so on. Event planning and management always requires team effort, regardless of the size or range of the event. Hence, there has to be a member of the team who plays the role of facilitator to guide the knowledge and resource sharing process. The facilitator is not exactly the team leader. Bens (2000, p.7) asserted that facilitation is ‘a way of providing leadership without taking the reigns’. In our group, different members played the role of facilitator at different stages. I observed the roles they played and learned how to disperse organizational knowledge for a better performing team. According to facilitation theory, learning within a team occurs with the help of the facilitator, not simply by someone who provides knowledge to the group (Lambert and Glacken, 2005). My personal experience confirmed this theory since I have experienced that personal knowledge can add little value to a group unless it is fairly disseminated and discussed by the other members within the group. If I look back at my experience of the group work; this will be my primary takeaway that I have learned the importance of facilitating ideas and knowledge among the group members and in future I will be aware of applying this knowledge in my career as an Event manager. Even if I don’t end up to be an event manager, this learning will help me to become better as a social being and as an individual. As an event manager, I will focus on the decentralisation of power and letting other assume responsibility and take the lead when necessary. It is sometimes better to play the labour and sometimes play the leader. Performance of a team is determined by the participation and effort given by each member. The team leader or the event manager plays the role of the ‘director of performance’ (Vidal, 2004). He synchronizes individual performances and creates synergy among the group members and specific functional departments while he enjoys working creatively and collectively with the aim of achieving certain objectives (Vidal, 2004, p. 394). Hence, I realized the nature of the work of an event manager and I am now more attracted to pursue a career in event management than before. The event management industry is embodied with a number of challenges that every event management effort has to endure. The biggest challenge is to ensure financial viability. The economy is yet to recover from the recession completely and it is still very difficult to organize a profitable event. As Smith et al. (2010) addressed, allocating the limited resources of an event effectively has become more critical than ever. For our group as well, financial consideration posed tremendous challenges and I realized that the skills I have acquired regarding event budgeting will be particularly helpful in future. Another area of difficulty was the impact analysis and contingency planning. Every event has several possible positive and negative impacts on the local society, environment, governance, and politics to some extent. Maximizing positive impact and reducing negative impact requires intelligent strategic decisions and planning. This was another learning outcome for me from the experience. However, there were a few places where I identified shortcomings in terms of group performance or my individual performance. First of all, effective communication among the group members was an issue. Every individual is different and we were formed into a group with people with different personalities. Also, there was no elected leader or director of the group. Hence, in the beginning it was a bit difficult to ensure effective communication which led to some confusion and inefficiency. As Greenberg (2002, p.217) explained that communication is the process of sending and receiving information, it requires the meaningful coding and decoding from  the both end. Another shortcoming of the exercise was that we could not specifically measure the impact of the event on the community. Actually, unless the event takes place in real life, it is difficult to say whether it would be received well by host communities or not. Though I had the experience of planning an event with a team, without the experience of executing the plan, it is always incomplete. However, this was a very enjoyable and valuable journey. The experience will add values to my character as an individual and will help me to become a better event manager in future, if I pursue this career for myself. However, even if I don’t end up to be an event manager, this experience will remind me about the values of working in synergy to produce positive results. For me, that was the significance of the whole experience. _REFERENCES:_ West, M. A. (2004). _Effective teamwork: practical lessons from organizational research_ (2nd ed.). Malden, MA: BPS Blackwell. Getz, D. (1993). Corporate culture in not-for-profit festival organisations: concepts and potential applications. _Festival Management and Event Tourism_, 1, 11-17. Douglas, N., Douglas, N. and Derrett, R. (eds) (2001). _Special Interest Tourism_, p. 356. John Wiley and Sons. Goldblatt, J. (1997). _Special Events – Best Practices in Modern Event Management_. John Wiley and Sons. McDonnell, I., Allen, J. and O’Toole, W. (1999). _Festival and Special Event Management_. John Wiley and Sons. Vidal, R. (2004). The vision conference: Facilitating creative processes. _Systemic Practice and Action Research_, 17(5), p. 385 – 405. Slack, T. and Parent, M.(2006). _Understanding sport organizations: The application of organization theory_ (2nd Ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. Bens, I. (2000). _Facilitating with ease: A step-by-step guidebook_. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Lambert, V. and Glacken, M. (2005). Clinical education facilitators: A literature review. _Journal of Clinical Nursing_, 1(4), 664 – 673. Rogers, C. and Friedberg, H.J. (1994) . _Freedom to learn_. New York: Merril, Macmillan College Publishing. Greenberg, J. ( 2002). _Managing behaviour in organizations_. New Jersey, NY: Prentice Hall.

A Deadly Mistake Uncovered on Buy a Term Paper College and How to Avoid It

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Roman Culture During The Roman Empire Essay - 2053 Words

Culture Roman culture was based on cultures of its neighboring societies mainly the Greeks and Etruscans, with such a blended culture the Romans took everything that that had learned and adopted and became one of the most advanced societies of it time. Using its advance knowledge and vast empire to spread the roman culture around the globe. Being one of the most advanced societies for the time the technology that the romans invented and pioneered the first water pipes for the citizens that could afford it, harvesting the rain water, toilets even though they were public bathrooms, Roman roads that were made from stone, the use on concrete, the use of Roman numerals, spreading the Latin langue’s across their empire, a postal service and the use of aqueduct. With all of these great advancements in in modern societies The Roman empire started in Italy as a republic 264 BCE, starting off as a small city-state of Rome then overthrew the monarchy of Etruscans king Tarquin, and creating republican government that would later turn in an empire. From this small start the city of Rome would go on to conquer most of the known world spreading the Roman culture across the globe. The Republic would thrive for five centuries until civil wars broke out cause the republic to crumble and letting a new form of government rise a Principate ruled by emperors. Even then many of the political bodies, the Senate, created in the Republican period would continue on in the empire. economy TheShow MoreRelatedthe roman empire is the greatest civilization of all time1187 Words   |  5 PagesThe Roman Empire was the period of time after the Roman Republic and before the Byzantine Empire from 29 B.C. to A.D. 476. It was the highest point of Roman civilization, greater than any prior empires and towers over even the empires after it; it triumphed over the world . The Roman Republic was what built up the foundation for the Roman Empire. During the Republic, a small group of people started from scratch and developed their own systems, which later develops into the Roman Empire. The strongRead MoreThe Rise And Fall Of Empires1580 Words   |  7 Pagesthat the rise and fall of empires was due to tolerance, inclusion, difference, and diversity is shown to be true of the Roman Empire because of the way that tolerance allowed and caused the empire to rise, enter its golden age, and fall. The Roman Empire was a â€Å"hyperpower† that lasted from 44 BCE to 476 CE. The empire contained Western, Southern, and Eastern Europe, along with North Africa; thus, there was an abundance of culture from many different conquered groups. Romans wanted to make these conqueredRead MoreJustinian And The Byzantine Empire1568 Words   |  7 Pages In 527 AD, Justinian took control of the Byzantine Empire. Although it is currently referred to as the Byzantine Empire, many citizens and leaders, including Justinian, considered themselves to be Roman and part of the Roman Empire. This mentality led to the revival of the Roman Empire in Byzantine and in its capital, Constantinople. During his rule, Justinian led the empire to its greatest size both in the amount of controlled land and influence over groups in Europe and Asia. He also contributedRead MoreThe Rise Of The Middle Ages Essay1259 Words   |  6 Pagesway to the rise of the Carolingian empire. I would argue the characteristics of the middle ages include a real shift in culture and religion, while seeing the dominant influence that Christianity had on culture. Personally, I think that the reign of the emperor Constantine is what really began the shift into the middle ages. Under Constantine, we see a transformation of religion, culture and politics. In the centuries leading up to Constantine, the Roman Empire was having many ups and downs. TheRead MoreRoman Empire Vs. Han Dynasty939 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and Contrast Essay Roman Empire vs. Han Dynasty Bethany Corl HIEU 201-B11 September 29, 2014 Compare and Contrast Essay The Roman and Han empires flourished in culture, wealth, and technological advances at their pinnacle, leading not to future stability, but to greed, corruption, and ultimately their downfall. The Roman and Han empires were different with respect to how each came to gaining their power. However, each held several similarities within their governmentsRead MoreRoman Achievements and Contributions1571 Words   |  7 PagesRoman Achievements Jigsaw Background: The period of great cultural achievements for the Roman Empire is referred to as the Pax Romana, or â€Å"Peace of Rome.† Beginning after the Republican Wars in 27 B.C., and lasting to about 180 A.D., this era was marked by general tranquility and unity across the empire. By this time, Rome had overtaken most of the Mediterranean world and had spread its culture. Family Religion The family was the basic unit of Roman society. Under Roman law, the male headRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire Essay1041 Words   |  5 PagesThe era dominated by Roman empire is one the most well-known and influential periods of history, home to famous names from Julius Caesar to Jesus Christ. At its height, Rome’s territory stretched from the Atlantic coastline to the Middle East, reigning over 60 million people, one-fifth of the population of the ancient world. However, the Roman empire’s treatment of their conquered people’s and their own citizens ultimately led to the permanent downfall of Rome. Even in the century before theRead MoreThe Early Middle Ages And Early Medieval Period Essay1435 Words   |  6 Pagescrucial in the formation of modern government, philosophy, culture as well as many other aspects and qualities of society today. The late antiquity, the early middle ages and the early modern period were all named by historians to mark significant changes in politics, culture and spirituality. The late antiquity period is said to have started after the end of the classical age and was characterized with significant changes in politics, culture and spirituality. Emperor Diocletian, in an attempt toRead MoreDecline And Fall Of The Roman Empire1310 Words   |  6 Pagesthat the Roman Empire was the greatest Empire in history. They destroyed their enemies and took their land. They had control of the Mediterranean Sea and all of the trade that went through it. Places like the Pantheon were constructed and laws such as stare decisis were created. The Roman Empire was an empire that many people wanted to live under. Then, like all empires eventually do, it fell. Looking at history, there are nine possible reasons for the decline and fall of the Roman Empire. The firstRead MoreByzantine’s Exceptionalism in the Early Middle Ages900 Words   |  4 PagesAges. The Byzantine Empire modern day Turkey was an empire that was based on its own culture coming out of the Roman Empire. It was a strong Empire that came out of the Roman Empire along with Islam and Europe, each where apart of the Roman Empire, and each survived the fall of the Roman Empire: â€Å"By 750 three distinct and nearly separate civilizations- Byzantine, European, and Islamic- crystallized in and around the territory of the old Roman Empire.† . The Byzantine Empire was considered a small

Ralphs Leadership in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies...

Ralphs Leadership in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies Ralph, the elected leader of the group of British boys in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, strives to take the civilized society to which he is accustomed and apply it to society on the island on which he and the other boys are stranded. As leader, this task seems simple – tell the other boys what they each need to do and expect them to do it. Ralph fails to realize the difference between the rest of the boys and himself. The world is in the middle of a massive war, a war in which the threat of the atomic bomb looms prominently. In fear of losing all its future fighting force, Britain sends a group of its schoolboys on an airplane to safety. Before reaching its†¦show more content†¦The boys choose Ralph as leader not only because of his height, but most importantly, because he possesses the conch. The boys recognize Ralph as the one who gathered them together by blowing the shell-like conch and choose him as their leader. Things work out well for Ralph at first. He takes charge over the boys and tells them what they need to accomplish for rescue and survival. The ways of the organized and civil society he learned back home in Britain show through in the method he uses in explaining the tasks the boys needed to complete. He approaches things from an organized, logical, and practical manner and thinks first about being rescued. Immediately after being elected leader and satisfying Jack, another prominent character in the novel, by allowing him to choose the task of his choir boys, Ralph says, â€Å"If this isn’t an island we might be rescued straight away. So we’ve got to decide if this is an island† (23). As further proof of his practicality, upon discovering the fact that no one inhabits the island, Ralph explains that the boys need to build a signal fire to attract any passing ships. Though Ralph acts adult-like in the sense that he operates methodically, he still deals with others in a childish manner at times. The schoolboys, even Ralph atShow MoreRelatedLord of The Flies Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesLord of the Flies was published in 1954 by William Golding. Today Lord of the Flies is a well known literary criticism. Many schools require their students to read Lord of the Flies because of the literary criticisms in the book. In this paper three themes or literary criticisms are talked about: good vs. evil, symbolism of characters, and maturity of characters. Another topic in Goldings Lord of the Flies is the battle of good vs. evil. Everything seems to start out just fine on the island; theRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1389 Words   |  6 PagesA response to Lord Of The Flies Imagine an airplane crash. The heat of flames scorch passengers’ backs in addition to the wind burning their faces. Lucky, this crash was over water and near an island so most passengers survive, with an exception of the airplane staff and the pilot. Even though alive, many are in fits of fear and panic, and others are in shock. After hurried deliberation, a lone member of the group is elected leader in hopes that they will calm the panic, and make the hard, but necessaryRead MoreThe Lord of the Flies by William Golding1306 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Lord of the Flies, William Golding creates a microcosm that appears to be a utopia after he discharged from the British Royal Navy following World War II. After an emergency landing, Golding places a diverse group of boys on the island that soon turns out to be anything but utopia. The island the boys are on turns out to be an allegorical dystopia with inadequate conditions (Bryfonski 22). The boys reject all lessons they learn ed from their prior British society, and they turn towards theirRead MoreWilliam Goldings View of Humanity1383 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Goldings View of Humanity Taking a post at the Maidstone Grammar School for boys and joining the Royal Navy, gave Golding his understanding of boys and cynical view of the war. William Golding says, the theme (of the book) is an attempt to trace back the defects of society to the defects of human nature... Goldings view of humanity is clearly displayed throughout Lord of the Flies. Through the constant symbolism we are made aware of Goldings pessimism towardsRead MoreLord of the Flies, by William Golding1055 Words   |  5 Pages In William Goldings Lord of the Flies a group of English school boys crash land onto an uninhabited island somewhere in the Mid Atlantic ocean. Ralph, the protagonist and also the elected leader, tries to maintain peace and avoid any calamity on the island. However, Jack is neither willing to contribute nor listen because he is jealous of Ralph and has a sickening obsession with killing boars. Ralph has some good traits that help him maintain peace and balance for a period of time. He is charismaticRead MoreEssay on How Lord of the Flies Related to Aspects of Human Nature1397 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Goldings novel Lord of the Flies not only provides a profound insight into human nature but also does so in a way that is remarkable for its use of shock and horror. Golding presents aspects of human nature as themes in the book. It alerts us to our potential to descend from order to chaos, good to evil, civilization to savagery. They are explored through how innate evil can be brought out in certain situations, the dangers in not addressing our own fears and the battle between civilizationRead MoreWhat Does It Mean to Say That Lord of the Flies Is an Allegorical Novel? Discuss Its Important Symbols.1139 Words   |  5 PagesIn William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, there are many key characters, settings, objects and events that symbolise ideas much deeper than what is first perceived. It is these important symbols that make Lord of the Flies an allegorical novel. It is the constant struggle to maintain civilization and resist complying with the savage urges that rages within each human individual that plays a central theme throughout the novel. Significant objects like the conch and signal fire; plot events such asRead MoreCompare the Ways H.G. Wells in the Island of Dr Moreau and William Golding in Lord of the Flies Examine the Struggle Between Civilisation and Savagery in an Isolated Setting.2029 Words   |  9 PagesCompare the ways H.G. Wells in The Island of Dr Moreau and William Golding in Lord of the Flies examine the struggle between civilisation and savagery in an isolated setting. H.G. Wells and William Golding diversely explore the struggle between civilisation and savagery in an isolated setting, through their novels: The Island of Doctor Moreau and Lord of the Flies. Both texts feature an untainted island location, where characters morality and humanity is challenged by fear and lack of order. WellsRead MoreLord of the Flies by William Golding1585 Words   |  7 Pages Lord of the Flies by William Golding is a fictional novel highlighting natural characteristics of man kind. The Book was created during the post World War II period. Before creating this novel, William had experience in the navy where he learned of the nature of mankind. The introduction of the book portrays a plane crash where a large group of boys are stranded on an island. Here they grow in character and human instincts such as leadership, brutality, and survival are displayedRead MoreLord of the Flies: Character Analysis of Ralph Essay613 Words   |  3 Pageswithout order. A world with no leadershipÂâ€"no rationality whatsoever. Take Ralphs character away from the equation and William Goldings Lord of the Flies would be just thatÂâ€"chaos. Being the protagonist of the novel, Ralph is the major representative of civilization, order, and productive leadership. If it werent for Ralphs coordination, determination, and logical thinking, the boys would never be rescued, and would eventually die. As the novel progresses, Ralphs self-confidence is gradually chipped

English Placement Essay Free Essays

Nearly 20 years ago, Raymond received severe head trauma from a car accident which left IM in a coma for nearly a month. Eventually, Raymond recovered but he had difficulty, especially with his memory. Harriet becomes Raymond primary caregiver. We will write a custom essay sample on English Placement Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Harrier’s health began to decline over the years eventually suffering a stroke and a broken hip requiring her placement in skilled nursing home. The family found themselves trying to determine what arrangements their mother had made for her care as well as Raymond. They found that she neglected to address any of their affairs; no powers of attorney, no living wills, no wills and very small nest egg. It was to long after Harriet placement in the home that Raymond is placed the dementia ward of the same facility as Harriet. Because of the lack of planning Raymond son had to be declared is father’s legal guardian by the Courts. Although the nursing home claimed the fourth floor was a dementia unit, it was little more than a limited access skilled nursing unit. Patients were permitted to wander the ward with little or no supervision. The family was not happy about the situation but with limited financial resources there was no choice. On February 28th, 2011, Raymond was wandering the halls of the unit, one can only surmise what occurred next. According to a subsequent state investigation, the wing was left unsupervised. An amputee patient fell out of his wheelchair. A life member of the volunteer fire department Raymond heard the wonder alarm sounding and intuitively he attempted open the large nutritional door to the patient’s room. The patient was lying on the floor directly behind the door. The door would not open, so Raymond continued to push on the doors trying to be of assistance. Eventually, the staff heard the alarm and responded to find Raymond in the hall and the patient on the floor with head trauma. After the incident, the family received a call from the nursing home stating that Raymond need to go to the hospital psychiatric unit. The family was not alarmed as this had happened a few times before. The home failed to elaborate. The morning news told the story of an incident of a dementia patient assaulting another. The following evening the news was of a dementia patient being charged with aggravated assault with the District Attorney office considering homicide charges. The family had to obtain a criminal attorney for Raymond, who had already been declared legal incompetent by the courts. It seems the nursing home had not mentioned that to the charging officer or the District Attorney’s office. They also had to obtain a civil attorney because the victim’s family had indicated they were going to sue all the parties involved. Raymond could be of little help in his defense and became confused easily reverting to his earliest memories. Investigations were being conducted into the events that led to this tragedy. The district attorney’s office hired a forensic psychiatrist to determine if Raymond was competent and the state department of public welfare was conducting its own investigation. Meanwhile, being unified too hospital psychiatric unit Raymond health declined quickly. He refused to feed himself and became frustrated if others offer to feed himself; a natural progression of dementia. Because of Raymond overall health a feeding tube was rejected by the family. On the evening of April 30, 2011, Raymond died alone in the same hospital as his victim had two months earlier. The following day the district attorney’s office stated that Raymond would not have been charged with any criminal charges. Six weeks later the nursing home suffered one of the largest fine in the history of the State as well as being placed on a provisional license. How to cite English Placement Essay, Essays

Managing Work Place Relations

Question: Discuss about the Managing Work Place Relations. Answer: Introduction Hotel industry is one of the well growing organizations in the present day generation world. It is the place where people get trained for their culinary arts, dining and other food related stuff. The work that is being learned by us is greatly impacted by the type of work relations that we have in that environment (Warner, 2016). Authorization: The present report pertains to the type of relationships that are maintained by the organization at the work place since it has been found to discriminate the people relating to various aspects such as age, racial and disability. The kind of harassment that is being given by discriminating the individuals among others is being reported. The relationship policy varied based on the favoritism aspect and mainly the regionally feeling (Dane Brummel, 2013). A study has been carried out by which various reasons were also proposed such as creating a stressful environment to the individuals, isolating them from the group by discriminating based on age or disabilities etc. Limitations: The organizations have some constraints because of which the discrimination occurs in the workplace. From their point of view it has been said that there are some factors which are considered at the work place if that is seen in an individual then he would be encouraged and ultimately it would lead to the success of the company (Stone, 2013). The organizational limitations includes the body language of the employee and his listening skills towards the subject his effective communication for the growth of the company and the type of skills that he poses. If such a kind of constraints is fulfilled then the company is same to all it says. Scope: The outline drawn from these studies is that for the development of the organizational the company is striving hard to improve the loopholes that are being faced by the employees at the work place. The manager would like to address the issues according to the level of problems that are occurring in the relationships while working at the place (Holmes Stubbe, 2015). The organization wants to improve from all the aspects which would finally help them in the growth and success of the company. The purpose of the study is only through the effective communication regarding the biased faced in the workplace to the higher officials it can be improved and demolished. Attitude of the organization to discrimination Rather than judging the people based on the skills, capabilities and the type of attributes they poses the organization started identifying them in the form of discrimination. The youth and the older people are being discriminated at the workplace. Groups are made based on this prejudice. Employees promotion or hiring is usually not related to job requirement (Wanrooy et al, 2013). But here all these categories are taken into account such as age of the person, suffering from any disability or the individual belongs any special region is being considered to make any further decisions in the organization. If these kinds of procedures are followed then its a big loss to the company. Commitment to an environment free from discrimination and harassment In Australia according to the legislation called Anti-discrimination at workplace the workers are supposed to work in the environment which is free from harassment and discrimination. There are some characteristics designed by the legislation that if discrimination is occurring at that place than it would led to an illegal issue. Any kind of racial, age or disability discrimination is done towards someone than it is legally process under this legislation act. By making such rules it is making the work place flexible for the employees to work and get rid of such elements (Mausethagen, 2013). Any kind of harassment experienced by the employee then they can file under the sexual harassment act. By this favorable conditions are provided to the employees to work freely. Zero Tolerance: If the working environment is impacted with the negative behaviors then the zero tolerance is bared by the Anti-discrimination act and would proceed legally for the issues behind that because the individuals are personally affected on their characteristics. This kind of behavior is not accepted as it the disgraceful and the equality among all are not maintained by them in the work place (Shields et al, 2015). The organization would be punished because of their violation from the rules set by them. Managers are not allowed to discrete the managements personal discretion. Any kind of racial sex or ability discrimination is seen then they are subjected to law with zero tolerance. Disciplinary action for breaches: If an individual is allegedly discriminated then the authorities would investigate and file a complaint against the Australia human rights commission act. Under this various laws are implemented base on the type of discrimination. If the case is against the age discrimination rat the place of employment or in the area of education or any other field them the Age discrimination act comes into the picture (Appelbaum, 2015). If the discrimination is based on disability issue then the complaint is filed against the Disability Discrimination act as they possess some special fundamental rights which are especially for them. The racial discrimination issue is subjected under the racial discrimination act as its basic principle is to promote equality before law. Organizational Objectives Treatment of staff: All the employees should be treated equally in the organization at the workplace without any discrimination. For the benefits of the organization they have to treat the employees with equality which is a significant aspect as it is going to be advantageous for the company (Wajcman, 2013). The major key principles of the ethical business and the ethical organizations guidelines are the treatment of people with no discrimination against age, racial or disability. Training and development: All the employees should be trained equally with no difference in proving knowledge to them. All special skills required for the position should be given training for all the individuals without and discrimination. For the better performance all the employees should be trained at high level with equality. Based on the performance of the employee the development in the company would reach high and ultimately it leads to the growth of the organization. The abilities of the employee have to be trained at better level for the good development of the company. Complaints Procedure: The individual who are facing discriminating issue can file a complaint to the Australian Human Right commission. The complaint should be in the written format. While giving the complaint all the required information should be included in the file (Todd Binns, 2013). A special form is providing by them to launch a complaint. It can either be submitted in the form of hard copy or a soft copy. Authorization should be taken by you if you trying to launch a complaint on behalf of other person and then can proceed legally. Treatment of Complaints: The complaints launched against discrimination are treated fairly well. They are investigated before filing the law against the organization. Proper and reasonable research is made by investigation and then appropriate lawsuit is filed on the company for violating the rules and following discrimination. Protection guarantees: If any difficulties are faced at workplace then you need a file a complaint of discrimination at the fair work commission after a proper investigation of job loss and their termination reasons are found out and guarantee of reasonable justice is provided them (Samnani, 2013). Reporting mechanisms: Firstly if an employee is facing any discrimination issue then he should be aware of the laws that are filed against them. The policies and the procedures involved in them should be known by the employee.it a simple complaint for that is available in their website of Anti-discrimination which can be filled and submitted either online or a hard copy or they can even file complaint in the legislation community. Standards of conduct: The conduct of the employee should be highly labeled with integrity and honesty. According to all legislations acts and policies of state and federal the conducts of employees are taken into consideration before filing a complaint (Appelbaum, 2015). The employee is supposed to maintain high standard working environment at his work place with dignity. Definition of Discrimination Discrimination means an individual who is treated unfavorably in a group or from other person of the work place and is not provided with equal opportunities or knowledge or equality at any place and is violated from all the necessary actions (Kersley et al, 2013). Its the impact that is seen on persons background or on his personal characteristics Commonwealth Legislation: Consolidated database of all the Commonwealth acts with some exception of supply acts and appropriation is included in this. It has all acts of amending consisting in it which are due to changes in ComLaw. It I not an official one and it is not authorized but can be used for all commonwealth legislation acts. State legislation: The laws that are not controlled by the commonwealth legislation are taken care by the state legislation. The powers of this state legislation are in the hands of governor (Stone, 2013). Since Australia is divided into six stated each state has its own head so they have their own constitutional rules and regulation policies which are followed. Any complaint filed against any particular state would follow their laws and legislations. Examples of Discrimination and Harassment Example one: A black American who was in a customer service position was stopped for his promotion. When he demanded an explanation regarding that his performance in the current position is not appreciable and the database of client is not enough for that higher position. Others were white men in that work place and on repeated questioning to organization he was harassed at his work place by pressuring on his accounts. Example two: A women of 55 year age was mercilessly denied for the waitress position because she would not support the promotion of the business they are looking for. She was abused erotically for her physical appearance in spite of not offering a job (Barak, 2013). Example three: A girl of 16 years of age was sexually harassed at her workplace when asked for the summer internship because of her race. Responsibilities Management: The management should be responsible and focus only on the business growth of the organization by taking into consideration the safety of the employee. The main objective of the management should be equality among all with no discrimination and following the legislation rules and regulation without violating them and providing flexible workplace environment for the employees. Employees: The employees should also maintain the dignity by following the rules set by the organization and involving themselves in the training of the subject by implementing all their skills and knowledge for the development of the company and its business growth. Consequences Case Example one: The 16 year old girl who was sexually harassed at the work place during the internship program has filed a complaint under the Sexual Act where after proper investigation legal consequences are to be faced by that organization Case example two: The business was run into the losses after a proper decision was not made by the organization in promoting the black American into the higher position and it was later penalized for that discrimination. Case Example three: The lady for being sexually abused without giving job in the hotel was handed over a sum amount of money by the hotel organization for being unlawful to her (Barak, 2013). Procedures When to contact for assistance: When the employment policies are used then the limited constrain ton the employee and the process of discrimination is noticed in a wide state and if the employee is being sexually abused or harassed, assaulting then its time to contact for assistance. How to contact for assistance: The individual can directly approach the anti-discrimination act community and file a complaint in written format and can apply it online and give the hard copy (Appelbaum, 2015). Who to contact for assistance: Office of Civil Rights is the place where an individual can get assistance for launching the complaint and proceeding with further process. Conclusion As per the report the discrimination policies has been mentioned and the legislations that are undertaking this act are also revealed the consequences that are faced while violating the rules and the legislations acts by following discrimination is been reported. The organization should follow equality before law and has to treat all the employees equally at the workplace and should not show discrimination or harass them at any point of time and the eligibility analysis should be done based on their knowledge and other interpersonal skills criteria is the main point that is focused. References Ahonen, P., Tienari, J., Merilinen, S. and Pullen, A., 2014. Hidden contexts and invisible power relations: A Foucauldian reading of diversity research. Human Relations,67(3), pp.263-286. Appelbaum, E., 2015. High-performance work practices and sustainable economic growth.EPRN. Barak, M.E.M., 2013.Managing diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace. Sage Publications. Dane, E. and Brummel, B.J., 2013. Examining workplace mindfulness and its relations to job performance and turnover intention.Human Relations, p.0018726713487753. Dastmalchian, A., Blyton, P. and Adamson, R., 2014.The Climate of Workplace Relations (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Holmes, J. and Stubbe, M., 2015.Power and politeness in the workplace: A sociolinguistic analysis of talk at work. Routledge. Kersley, B., Alpin, C., Forth, J., Bryson, A., Bewley, H., Dix, G. and Oxenbridge, S., 2013.Inside the workplace: findings from the 2004 Workplace Employment Relations Survey. Routledge. Mausethagen, S., 2013. A research review of the impact of accountability policies on teachers workplace relations.Educational research review,9, pp.16-33. Samnani, A.K., 2013. Embracing new directions in workplace bullying research a paradigmatic approach.Journal of Management Inquiry,22(1), pp.26-36. Shields, J., Brown, M., Kaine, S., Dolle-Samuel, C., North-Samardzic, A., McLean, P., Johns, R., Robinson, J., O'Leary, P. and Plimmer, G., 2015.Managing Employee Performance Reward: Concepts, Practices, Strategies. Cambridge University Press. Stone, R.J., 2013.Managing human resources. John Wiley and Sons. Todd, P. and Binns, J., 2013. Worklife balance: is it now a problem for management?.Gender, Work Organization,20(3), pp.219-231. Van Wanrooy, B., Bewley, H., Bryson, A., Forth, J., Freeth, S., Stokes, L. and Wood, S., 2013.Employment Relations in the Shadow of Recession: Findings from the 2011 Workplace Employment Relations Study. Palgrave macmillan. Wajcman, J., 2013.Managing like a man: Women and men in corporate management. John Wiley Sons. Wanrooy, B.V., Bewley, H., Bryson, A., Forth, J., Freeth, S., Stokes, L. and Wood, S., 2013. The 2011 workplace employment relations study: First findings. Warner, M. ed., 2016.Changing workplace relations in the Chinese economy. Springer